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Refrigeration and air-conditioning has become necessary in every field of human utility in houses, schools, cinema houses, restaurants, cars, buses, railways. It is also used in industries for various processes. Basically it is employed for the comfort of human beings in domestic appliances and industrial equipment. In the industry it is employed to maintain the temperature of factories. working place so that workers can do their duties efficiently. It is also used for producing ice, air conditioning of buildings, coaches and milk vanes. REFRIGERATION Some Commonly Used Terms : 1. Refrigeration: It is the process of removing heat from substances under controlled conditions. It also includes the process of reducing and maintaining the temperature of the body below the general temperature of its surroundings. 2. Refrigerator: This is a machine by which the temperature of substances is lowered by storing them in this machine. 3. Refrigerator system: The mechanism used for producing low te...

ELECTRIC HEATING Heating by means of converting electricity into heat is called electric heating. Heating is required for domestic purposes such as cooking and heating of buildings, as well as for industrial purposes such as melting of metals, hardening and tempering, drying and welding. Practically all the heating requirements can be met by some form of electric heating equipment. The main advantages of electric heating over other systems of heating i.e., gas, coal, oil heating are given below. ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC HEATING OVER OTHER SYSTEM OF HEATING  The main advantages of electric heating over other system of heating such as coal, gas or oil heating are given below. 1. Economical: Electric energy is cheaper to use as it is produced on a large scale. The electric furnaces run by electric energy are cheaper in initial cost. The maintenance cost is also low as compared to other system.  2. Cleanliness: It is free from ash, dust and soot, so it is clean system of heating. 3....